SS-31 (also known as Elamipretide, Bendavia, or MTP-131) is a synthetic peptide that targets mitochondria to improve their function by binding to cardiolipin, reducing oxidative stress, and enhancing cellular energy (ATP) production, showing promise in clinical trials for heart failure, kidney disease, and neurodegenerative disorders by protecting against mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation.
How SS-31 Works
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- Mitochondrial Targeting: It’s designed to accumulate in mitochondria, particularly the inner membrane.
- Binds Cardiolipin: It selectively binds to cardiolipin, a key lipid in the inner mitochondrial membrane, stabilizing it and improving the electron transport chain’s efficiency
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- Reduces ROS & Oxidative Stress: By optimizing electron flow, it minimizes the leakage of electrons that form harmful Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS).
- Prevents Pore Opening: It inhibits the Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore (mPTP), preventing cell death during stress.
Therapeutic Applications & Research
- Heart Disease: Shows potential for heart failure and protection against ischemia-reperfusion injury.
- Kidney Disease: Ameliorates kidney injury by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation.
- Neurology: Protects against traumatic brain injury, stroke, and neurodegenerative diseases by reducing brain edema and improving function.
- Other Areas: Being studied for tendinopathy, liver injury, smoking-related oral diseases, and Barth syndrome.
Key Features
- Small, water-soluble, and stable.
- Has a long half-life and rapid absorption.
- May improve energy levels and reduce fatigue within weeks.
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