NAD+ (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) is a critical coenzyme found in every living cell that acts as a “cellular currency” to facilitate energy production and maintain health.

Key Functions

Energy Metabolism: It is essential for converting food into cellular energy (ATP) by acting as an electron carrier in redox reactions.
DNA Repair: NAD+ is a substrate for enzymes like PARPs that repair damaged DNA to maintain genomic stability.
Cellular Signaling: It regulates sirtuins, a family of proteins known as “longevity genes” that control aging, inflammation, and stress resistance.
Circadian Rhythm: It helps synchronize the body’s internal clock and metabolic needs.

Why Levels Decline

NAD+ levels naturally decrease as humans age, with significant drops often observed after age 45. This decline is linked to:

Aging: Increased activity of NAD-consuming enzymes like CD38.
Lifestyle Stressors: Factors such as poor diet, lack of sleep, chronic stress, and alcohol consumption accelerate depletion.
Health Conditions: Obesity, hypertension, and inflammation are associated with lower NAD+ levels.

Methods to Boost NAD+

Because direct NAD+ molecules are often too large to enter cells efficiently, various strategies are used to raise levels:

Precursors: Oral supplements like Nicotinamide Riboside (NR) and Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMN) are converted into NAD+ inside the cell.
Direct Delivery: Intravenous (IV) therapy, intramuscular (IM) injections, or subcutaneous injections bypass the digestive system for immediate availability.
Natural Approaches: Regular exercise, a nutrient-dense diet (rich in B3 sources like lean meats and legumes), and intermittent fasting can help support natural production.